{"id":6528,"date":"2016-11-30T11:51:37","date_gmt":"2016-11-30T09:51:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=6528"},"modified":"2016-11-30T11:51:37","modified_gmt":"2016-11-30T09:51:37","slug":"3500-yil-once-olen-yunan-savascinin-mezarindaki-guc-yuzukleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2016\/11\/30\/3500-yil-once-olen-yunan-savascinin-mezarindaki-guc-yuzukleri","title":{"rendered":"3500 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00f6len Yunan sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n mezar\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fckleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Yukar\u0131daki g\u00f6rselin\u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131:<\/strong> Yunanistan\u2019daki Griffin Warrior mezar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan bir y\u00fcz\u00fck. \u00a9 Jennifer Stephens \/ Cincinnati \u00dcniversitesi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Arkeologlar, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l ke\u015ffedilen el de\u011fmemi\u015f antik Yunan sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 mezar\u0131nda bulunan oyulmu\u015f alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fck ve de\u011ferli ta\u015flardan olu\u015fan hazinenin, Girit Adas\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131ndan ya\u011fma edilmedi\u011fini, mezarda yatan ki\u015finin kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ait e\u015fyalar oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin g\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fckleri oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmi\u015fti. Bunlar, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n mezar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneybat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bir \u015fehir olan Pylos yerel sakinlerini y\u00f6neten elit tabakan\u0131n amblemi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/G\u00fc\u00e7-y\u00fcz\u00fckleri-3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6531\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/G\u00fc\u00e7-y\u00fcz\u00fckleri-3-300x184.jpg\" alt=\"G\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fckleri 3\" width=\"300\" height=\"184\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Arkeologlar, mezarda bulunan y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin g\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fckleri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u00a9 Chronis Papanikolopoulos \/ Cincinnati \u00dcniversitesi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bu mezar, Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131ndaki ilk Miken Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturan Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki Girit Adas\u0131\u2019nda bulunan Minos k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn uzant\u0131s\u0131na, dramatik bir tarihsel s\u00fcrece \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Homeros\u2019un destanlar\u0131nda A\u015fil, Agamemnon ve Odysseus olarak bilinen Miken h\u00fck\u00fcmdar kahramanlar\u0131 vard\u0131 ve k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede M\u00d6 1200 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Miken Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 700 y\u0131l sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan klasik Yunan d\u00f6neminin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Mezar, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l Cincinnati \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde kar\u0131-koca bir ekip olan Jack L. Davis ve Sharon R. Stocker taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedildi ve di\u011fer arkeologlar taraf\u0131ndan son yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131lda Yunanistan\u2019da bulunmu\u015f olan en zengin mezarlardan biri oldu\u011funa karar verildi. Mezar\u0131n \u00e7evresinde bulunan \u00e7\u00f6mlekten \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan tarihe g\u00f6re sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 M\u00d6 1450 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Johannesburg\u2019taki Witwatersrand \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Lynne Schepartz ve Tobias Houlton, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n kafatas\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden canland\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>Alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fckler, mezara oyulmu\u015f ta\u015flar ve di\u011fer pek \u00e7ok \u00f6\u011fe Minos temalar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r, bu sebeple Girit\u2019e yap\u0131lan bir bask\u0131nda ya\u011fma edilmi\u015f olabilirdi. Fakat Dr. Davis ve Dr. Stocker bunun aksine inanmaktalar. <em>Hesperia<\/em> dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan makalelerinde, mezardaki objelerin alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin ikonografilerinin taklit oldu\u011funu belirttiler.<\/p>\n<p>Mezar, bronz ayna, alt\u0131 fildi\u015fi tarak ve aksesuarlar i\u00e7eriyordu, arkeologlar bunlar\u0131 bir sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 mezar\u0131nda bulduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fa\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Fakat Yunanl\u0131 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 uzat\u0131yorlard\u0131 ve Spartal\u0131 sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n sava\u015ftan \u00f6nce sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tarad\u0131klar\u0131 bilinmektedir. Ve ayna rit\u00fcel bir \u00f6neme sahip olmu\u015f olabilir: Alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcklerden biri, benzer bir aynay\u0131 tutan tanr\u0131\u00e7ay\u0131 tasvir etmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/G\u00fc\u00e7-y\u00fcz\u00fckleri-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6530\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/G\u00fc\u00e7-y\u00fcz\u00fckleri-1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"G\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fckleri 1\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Antik Yunan sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n mezar\u0131ndan bir fildi\u015fi tarak. \u00a9 Cincinnati \u00dcniversitesi<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Mezardaki her iki y\u00fcz\u00fckte ta\u015f\u0131nan bir asa g\u00f6ze \u00e7arp\u0131yor. Mezarda bulunan b\u00fck\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f metal bir par\u00e7a ilk ba\u015fta bir et kancas\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Fakat daha sonra bunun boynuz, muhtemelen bo\u011fa olan bir hayvan fig\u00fcr\u00fc oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131; adeta asa onun v\u00fccuduna bir t\u0131rnak deli\u011finden veya yuvadan saplanm\u0131\u015f gibiydi. Bir tanr\u0131\u00e7a, alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcklerden birinde b\u00f6yle bir asay\u0131 tutuyor. Asa kesinlikle, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7e\u015fit dini veya sivil otoritesini simgeliyordu.<\/p>\n<p>Arkeologlar, g\u00f6m\u00fclen bu ki\u015finin Minoas veya Minoan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7erisinde yer alan bir sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011fundan hen\u00fcz emin de\u011filler. Dr. Davis \u201cKim olurlarsa olsunlar, insanlara anakaraya (Avrupa kastediliyor \u00e7.n.) giden Minos yollar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131tanlar ve Miken k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturanlar onlard\u0131r\u201d diyor. \u201cMuhtemelen Minoal\u0131lar gibi giyiniyorlard\u0131 ve Minos yap\u0131 tekniklerini kullanarak Girit\u2019te kullan\u0131lan stillere g\u00f6re evlerini in\u015fa ediyorlard\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n mezar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cMinos k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini ve anakaraya getirilmesinin bilinen \u00f6zel bir sebebi oldu\u011funu, bize ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri insanlar\u0131n anakarada oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi\u011fini\u201d belirtiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131l kadar sonra, yani M\u00d6 1400 civar\u0131nda, bu g\u00fc\u00e7, Messenia vilayeti ve 20 il\u00e7e ba\u015fkentlerine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n hepsi, Pylos\u2019ta h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren, Homeros\u2019un kahramanlar\u0131ndan sonra Nestor Saray\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan Miken derebeylerine vergi \u00f6dediler.<\/p>\n<p>Teksas \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde Ege Tun\u00e7 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 uzman\u0131 olan Cynthia W. Shelmerdine, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n mezar\u0131ndaki y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin ve ta\u015f m\u00fch\u00fcrlerin idari ve siyasi g\u00fcc\u00fc temsil etti\u011fine inand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. \u201cBunlar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bir g\u00fc\u00e7 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Shelmerdine mezar\u0131n, ister Minoal\u0131lar isterse Mikenler taraf\u0131ndan kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsun, \u201cAnakaradaki elitlerin Girit adas\u0131ndaki elitlerle giderek yak\u0131n ili\u015fki kurduklar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer kan\u0131t\u0131\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/G\u00fc\u00e7-y\u00fcz\u00fckleri-4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6532\" src=\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/G\u00fc\u00e7-y\u00fcz\u00fckleri-4-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"G\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fckleri 4\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>B\u00f6lgede alt\u0131n bir zincir ve bir bronz fincan da elde edildi. \u00a9 Klasikler B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \/ Cincinnati \u00dcniversitesi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Mikenliler sanatlar\u0131nda, jimnastik\u00e7ilerin bo\u011falar\u0131n \u00fczerine s\u0131\u00e7rad\u0131klar\u0131 fig\u00fcrler gibi, Minos temalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya devam ettiler ve saray\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bitene kadar bunu devam ettirdiler. Fakat klasik d\u00f6nemle birlikte Minos k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc unutuldu. Daha \u00e7ok Knossos labirentinden ka\u00e7an ve korkulan Minotaur\u2019u \u00f6ld\u00fcren Theseus\u2019un g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi Kral Minos k\u0131z\u0131 olan Ariadne\u2019nin efsanesi hayatta kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00c7eviren: B\u00fcnyamin Tan<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Mimar Sinan G\u00fczel Sanatlar \u00dcniv. Klasik T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131 YL<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> Nicholas Wade, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/10\/04\/science\/greece-archaeology-pylos-griffin-warrior.html?_r=0\">http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/10\/04\/science\/greece-archaeology-pylos-griffin-warrior.html?_r=0<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yukar\u0131daki g\u00f6rselin\u00a0a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: Yunanistan\u2019daki Griffin Warrior mezar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan bir y\u00fcz\u00fck. \u00a9 Jennifer Stephens \/ Cincinnati \u00dcniversitesi. &nbsp; Arkeologlar, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l ke\u015ffedilen el de\u011fmemi\u015f antik Yunan sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 mezar\u0131nda bulunan oyulmu\u015f alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fck ve de\u011ferli ta\u015flardan olu\u015fan hazinenin, Girit Adas\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131ndan ya\u011fma edilmedi\u011fini, mezarda yatan ki\u015finin kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ait e\u015fyalar oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. Alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin g\u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fckleri oldu\u011fu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6529,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arkeoloji","category-bilim-gundemi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6528","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6528"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6528\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}