{"id":66029,"date":"2025-10-01T00:00:01","date_gmt":"2025-09-30T21:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=66029"},"modified":"2025-09-29T16:47:55","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T13:47:55","slug":"nazi-toplama-kamplari-onsoz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2025\/10\/01\/nazi-toplama-kamplari-onsoz","title":{"rendered":"Nazi toplama kamplar\u0131 – \u00d6ns\u00f6z"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ali \u00c7arman<\/strong><\/p>\n

Almanya, s\u0131n\u0131flar ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu m\u00fccadelesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan\u00a0zengin bir birikime, devrimci geleneklere sahip \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer almakta. Ne var ki Almanya tarihi yaln\u0131zca bu bak\u0131mdan de\u011fil; iki d\u00fcnya (payla\u015f\u0131m) sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak, sava\u015f\u0131n ve 12 y\u0131l s\u00fcren fa\u015fizmin geriye b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 milyonlarca \u00f6l\u00fc, parampar\u00e7a edilmi\u015f insanl\u0131k ve harabeye d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f \u015fehirlerle kirli bir tarihe de sahip.<\/p>\n

Alman emperyalizminin tarihsel k\u00f6kenleri,\u00a0\u00f6ncesi bir yana\u00a0(1848 devrimi) 9 Kas\u0131m 1918\u2019de Almanya\u2019n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Kayser II. Wilhelm\u2019in Hollanda\u2019ya ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131na neden olan ve kitlesel i\u015f\u00e7i eylemleri ve devam eden toplumsal hareket kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda konumlan\u0131\u015f\u0131na kadar uzan\u0131r.\u00a0\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin iktidar\u0131ndan korkanlar; Rosa Luxemburg ve Karl Liebknecht\u2019i katlederek devrim dalgas\u0131n\u0131 durdurdular.<\/p>\n

Fa\u015fizmin ve sava\u015f\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu b\u00fct\u00fcn sorunlar\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ve halk\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u00fckleyen Hitler, azg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fovenizm-\u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k e\u015fli\u011finde; \u00c7ekoslovakya, Polonya, Fransa, Danimarka, Norve\u00e7, Yugoslavya, Yunanistan, vb. topraklar\u0131 Nazi ordusuyla i\u015fgal etti. B\u00f6ylece b\u00fct\u00fcn Avrupa, bir u\u00e7tan di\u011fer uca toplama kamp\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fc.\u00a0Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndan trenler\u00a0(hayvan vagonlar\u0131yla)\u00a0durmaks\u0131z\u0131n\u00a0insan ta\u015f\u0131yordu toplama kamplar\u0131na.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde\u00a0dahi\u00a0\u00f6l\u00fcm fabrikalar\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan toplama kamplar\u0131 i\u00e7in sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f\u00a0bir rakam vermek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmasa da\u00a0belgelere ge\u00e7mi\u015f\u00a0binlerce kamp\u0131n (toplama ve zorla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma\u00a0kamplar\u0131,\u00a0transit kamplar,\u00a0esir kamplar\u0131)\u00a0oldu\u011fu kesin.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6kmeden a\u011flayabilir mi? Fa\u015fizmin eline esir d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f tutsaklardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6kmeden a\u011flamay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek zorunda kald\u0131lar.\u00a0Ya\u015fam\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm ile i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi toplama kamplar\u0131nda insanlar\u0131n yak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n bacalar\u0131 gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz t\u00fct\u00fcyordu. Kamplar hakk\u0131nda gelece\u011fe belge b\u0131rakmak, foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekmek yasakt\u0131. Ancak tutsaklar kur\u015funa dizilme pahas\u0131na Nazilerin yapt\u0131klar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda belgeler-foto\u011fraflar b\u0131rakmaktan geri durmad\u0131lar. Sava\u015fa ve fa\u015fizme kar\u015f\u0131\u00a0zaferden sonra elde edilen say\u0131s\u0131zca belge ve foto\u011fraf bunun g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>\n

Hitler ve Nazilerin insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f olduklar\u0131 su\u00e7lara ili\u015fkin hemen her dilde say\u0131s\u0131z esere ula\u015fmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. \u015eimdi, belli ba\u015fl\u0131 toplama kamplar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z, \u00fclkemizde okuyucuyla bulu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemli iki farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmakta: Birincisi, kitaba konu olan toplama kamplar\u0131na bazen yaln\u0131z bazen toplu halde yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fum ziyaretler\u00a0ve az say\u0131da da olsa d\u00f6nemi ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f direni\u015f\u00e7ilerle tan\u0131\u015fma, onlara kulak verme \u015fans\u0131na sahip olmam.\u00a0G\u00f6rd\u00fcklerimiz, okuduklar\u0131m\u0131z, duyduklar\u0131m\u0131z kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda nefes al\u0131p vermemiz\u00a0ve kalbimizin \u00e7arp\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 zorland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincisi, sadece toplama kamplar\u0131ndaki vah\u015fili\u011fi de\u011fil, canlar\u0131 pahas\u0131na gelece\u011fe fener olmay\u0131 se\u00e7en direni\u015f\u00e7i ve direni\u015flere yer vermi\u015f olmam.\u00a0Kitapta yaz\u0131lanlar\u0131n tamam\u0131 harfi harfine ya\u015fan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir d\u00f6nemden kesitlerden ibaret. Zaman ne kadar ge\u00e7erse ge\u00e7sin baz\u0131 ac\u0131lar, ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar tarih boyunca unutulmaz. Unutulmamal\u0131 da!<\/p>\n

\u00c7eyrek as\u0131rd\u0131r, toplama kamplar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi toplamaktay\u0131m.\u00a0G\u00f6rd\u00fcklerim, okuduklar\u0131m ve dinlediklerimden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131m en \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7; toplama kamplar\u0131nda cesaretli olanlar\u0131n, insana ve gelece\u011fe ili\u015fkin umutlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmeyenlerin\u00a0fa\u015fizme-Hitler\u2019e meydan okumaktan geri\u00a0durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu.\u00a0Ba\u015fta kom\u00fcnistler olmak \u00fczere, insanl\u0131ktan-bar\u0131\u015ftan-\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckten yana b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7ler Nazi barbarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015ft\u0131lar. Nazilerin sonu, ayn\u0131 zamanda kamplar\u0131n sonu oldu.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda, toplama kamplar\u0131n\u0131 ziyaretlerde, belgelerin toplanmas\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok ki\u015finin fedak\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve eme\u011fi var.\u00a0Almanca \u00e7evirileri ve d\u00fczeltileriyle gazeteci Semra \u00c7elik, B. Brecht \u015fiirini \u00e7eviren \u00d6zg\u00fcr Metin Demirel, N\u00fcrnberg\u2019den Taylan \u00d6zen, Avusturya\/Mauthausen toplama kamp\u0131 ziyaretinde bizlere e\u015flik eden\u00a0Osman \u00c7ak\u0131rca, Dachau toplama kamp\u0131na birlikte gitti\u011fimiz bug\u00fcn aram\u0131zda olmayan yazar-\u00e7evirmen Y\u0131lmaz Onay, uzun bir yolculuk demeden Hamburg\u2019tan arabas\u0131yla bizleri Auschwitz soyk\u0131r\u0131m kamp\u0131na\u00a0g\u00f6t\u00fcren\u00a0Mehmet Taner, Bergen-Belsen kamp\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcren \u00d6zcan Bak\u0131r,\u00a0M\u00fcnih\u2019ten Levent \u00c7okde\u011ferli, okumalar\u0131yla \u00f6nermelerde bulunan Mehmet Salim, Frankfurt\u2019tan Teber, Bielefeld\u2019ten Sel\u00e7uk Kozan, Strasbourg yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Natzweiler-Struthof kamp\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcren Baran Kiraz, Zeki \u00c7ap\u00e7\u0131 dostlar\u0131ma ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim. Kitap \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u00a0boyunca benden deste\u011fini esirmeyen, bir\u00e7ok toplama kamp\u0131na birlikte gitti\u011fimiz hayatda\u015f\u0131m Sidar \u00c7arman \u00f6zel te\u015fekk\u00fcr\u00fc hak ediyor.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131n\u0131 belirtmedi\u011fim\u00a0dostlar\u0131m al\u0131nmas\u0131nlar. \u00d6zcesi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan eser i\u00e7in kollektif bir \u00e7abadan s\u00f6z etmek daha do\u011fru olur.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131k ne \u00e7ekiyorsa zenginliklerine zenginlik katan, daha fazla k\u00e2r elde etmek i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yola ba\u015fvuran s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n iktidarlar\u0131ndan \u00e7ekiyor. Almanya\u2019da bug\u00fcnlerde \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 toplumun her kesiminde insanlar\u0131n kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 eylemlere ve \u201cBir Daha Asla2 sesleni\u015flerine tan\u0131k olunuyor. Yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na bu tutum dahi yeni tipte Neo-Nazilerin heveslerini kursaklar\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yak\u0131n tarihindeki fa\u015fizm-sava\u015f belas\u0131ndan ve buna kar\u015f\u0131 verilen h\u00fcrriyet-bar\u0131\u015f kavgas\u0131n\u0131n her a\u015famas\u0131, cezaevleri, toplama kamplar\u0131 ve hayat\u0131n di\u011fer alanlar\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n destan\u0131ms\u0131 eylemlerinden, direni\u015flerinden bir k\u0131sm\u0131na yer vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Eksiklerimiz tabi ki vard\u0131r, af ola\u2026<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ederken sak\u0131nmadan canlar\u0131n\u0131 feda eden b\u00fct\u00fcn isimsiz antifa\u015fist kahramanlara adanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

-Ali \u00c7arman, Nazi Toplama Kamplar\u0131, Doruk Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ali \u00c7arman Almanya, s\u0131n\u0131flar ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu m\u00fccadelesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan\u00a0zengin bir birikime, devrimci geleneklere sahip \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer almakta. Ne var ki Almanya tarihi yaln\u0131zca bu bak\u0131mdan de\u011fil; iki d\u00fcnya (payla\u015f\u0131m) sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak, sava\u015f\u0131n ve 12 y\u0131l s\u00fcren fa\u015fizmin geriye b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 milyonlarca \u00f6l\u00fc, parampar\u00e7a edilmi\u015f insanl\u0131k ve harabeye d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f \u015fehirlerle kirli bir tarihe de sahip. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":609,"featured_media":66030,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10299,38,513,510],"tags":[9886,7511,10313],"class_list":["post-66029","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-258-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-kitapcil","category-surekli-bolumler","tag-ali","tag-ali-carman","tag-nazi-toplama-kamplari"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t