{"id":66797,"date":"2026-01-02T09:26:15","date_gmt":"2026-01-02T06:26:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=66797"},"modified":"2026-01-02T09:26:15","modified_gmt":"2026-01-02T06:26:15","slug":"insanoglu-daha-mutevazi-olmali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/01\/02\/insanoglu-daha-mutevazi-olmali","title":{"rendered":"\u2018\u0130nsano\u011flu daha m\u00fctevaz\u0131 olmal\u0131\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Babam ile son g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmemizde \u201cEnder\u201d demi\u015fti, \u201cinsano\u011flu daha m\u00fctevaz\u0131 olmal\u0131\u201d. 2020 Nisan\u2019\u0131n\u0131n son g\u00fcnleriydi. Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kas\u0131p kavurmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnler\u2026 \u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn arayla \u00f6nce babam sonra da ben hastaneye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck. O \u00e7ok ya\u015fl\u0131yd\u0131 (92 bahar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc), \u00f6nce yo\u011fun bak\u0131ma al\u0131nd\u0131 sonra ent\u00fcbe oldu. 15 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7ti, benim hastaneden eve \u00e7\u0131kmamdan iki g\u00fcn sonra ya\u015fama g\u00f6zlerini yumdu. Karantinadayd\u0131m, cenazesine bile gidemedim. \u0130ki arkada\u015f\u0131m, Nal\u00e2n ve Deniz, babam\u0131 defnettiler. Neyse, \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015finin daha beterlerini ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neme \u00f6zg\u00fc trajedilerden bizim de nasibimize bu d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ama akl\u0131mda matematik \u00f6\u011fretmeni S\u0131f\u0131rc\u0131 Do\u011fan\u2019\u0131n bana verdi\u011fi son \u00f6\u011f\u00fct kald\u0131: \u0130nsano\u011flunun daha m\u00fctevaz\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u2026 Ya\u015fl\u0131 babam ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, neden b\u00f6yle bir sonuca varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, karamsar m\u0131 gitti iyimser mi, bilemem. Bildi\u011fim ve emin oldu\u011fum, babam\u0131n do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc ve fizik \u00f6tesi bir g\u00fcce inanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu m\u00fctevaz\u0131l\u0131k davetinin insan-tanr\u0131 ili\u015fkisi \u00fczerine de\u011fil insan-do\u011fa ili\u015fkisi \u00fczerine bir \u00f6nerme oldu\u011fudur. \u00d6tesini ise, \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bu \u00f6nermeden yola \u00e7\u0131karak tart\u0131\u015fmak isterim.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Bilimsel devrimlerin, insano\u011flunun do\u011faya kar\u015f\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck zaferler oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yayg\u0131nd\u0131r: \u0130nsano\u011flu do\u011fa yasalar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetmi\u015f, bu yasalardan yola \u00e7\u0131karak yeni teknolojiler geli\u015ftirmi\u015f ve b\u00f6ylece do\u011faya egemen olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Bilimsel devrimlerin felsefi i\u00e7eri\u011fini kavrayamayan, \u00e7arp\u0131k bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r bu. Uygarl\u0131k paradigmas\u0131n\u0131n, modernite paradigmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine sinmi\u015f temel bir yan\u0131lsamad\u0131r. \u0130nsan\u0131 do\u011fan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir varl\u0131k olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcp onun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na koyan; insanla\u015fma, ilerleme, geli\u015fme s\u00fcrecini insan-do\u011fa \u00e7eli\u015fkisi ile a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131p insan\u0131n do\u011faya egemen olma s\u00fcreci olarak anlayan, bir t\u00fcr yabanc\u0131la\u015fmad\u0131r. Dinsel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin tanr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yerine teknolojiyi koyan, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla eski paradigmadan tam anlam\u0131yla kopamayan bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u2026<\/p>\n

Oysa bilimsel devrimler, tam tersine, insano\u011flunun evrendeki ve do\u011fadaki konumunu nesnel bir bi\u00e7imde ortaya koyan, b\u00fcy\u00fcsel ve dinsel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin insan\u0131n konumuna ili\u015fkin idealist dogmalar\u0131na son veren, insano\u011flunu m\u00fctevaz\u0131l\u0131\u011fa davet eden b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel at\u0131l\u0131mlard\u0131r. Birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek verelim:<\/p>\n

Kopernik ile ba\u015flay\u0131p Galilei, Kepler ve Newton ile devam eden astronomi ve fizik alan\u0131ndaki devrim, gezegenimize (insan\u0131n evine) kutsall\u0131k atfeden ve onu evrenin merkezine koyan binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k dogmay\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131p, onun G\u00fcne\u015f etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nen s\u0131radan bir g\u00f6kcismi oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu. D\u00fcnya\u2019y\u0131 \u201ckutsal taht\u0131ndan\u201d indiren bu bilimsel devrim, bu nedenle uzun s\u00fcre dinsel otoritelerin tepkisiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131 ve kabul g\u00f6rmedi.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise \u201cD\u00fcnya-merkezlili\u011fin\u201d ne kadar ilkel bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bi\u00e7imi oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc G\u00fcne\u015f, Samanyolu galaksisinde bulunan 250 ila 400 milyar y\u0131ld\u0131zdan biri. G\u00f6zlenebilir evren i\u00e7erisinde bizim galaksimiz olan Samanyolu benzeri 225 milyar b\u00fcy\u00fck galaksi ve 7 trilyon kadar c\u00fcce galaksi oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Dahas\u0131, 25 milyar galaksi k\u00fcmesinin (galaksilerden olu\u015fan k\u00fcmeler) ve 10 milyon s\u00fcper k\u00fcmenin (galaksi k\u00fcmelerinden olu\u015fan k\u00fcmeler) bulundu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Bu hesapla, sadece g\u00f6zleyebildi\u011fimiz evren i\u00e7inde 30 milyar trilyon (3\u00d71022<\/sup>) y\u0131ld\u0131z bulundu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Ve bu s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen dinamik bir yap\u0131. \u0130\u015fte \u201cevimizin\u201d evrendeki yeri budur: 30 milyar trilyon y\u0131ld\u0131zdan birinin etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nen bir gezegen.<\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer bilimsel devrim de canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcne ili\u015fkin Darwin-Wallace evrim kuram\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm mekanizmalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin muazzam geli\u015fmelerin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu kuram, Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 kulu insan\u0131 bu kutsal taht\u0131ndan indirip \u015fempanze ile ayn\u0131 ortak atadan evrilen s\u0131radan bir canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcverdi. Bu bilimsel devrimin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fok h\u00e2l\u00e2 atlat\u0131lamad\u0131.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya\u2019da yakla\u015f\u0131k 8,7 milyon \u00f6karyotik (\u00e7ekirdek zar\u0131 ile \u00e7evrili DNA i\u00e7eren ve zarla \u00e7evrili organellere sahip olan h\u00fccre tipi) ve 100 milyondan fazla prokaryotik (tek h\u00fccreli organizmalar, bakteriler ve arkeler) t\u00fcr bulundu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor, ancak ke\u015ffedilen t\u00fcrlerin say\u0131s\u0131 bunlar\u0131n \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. \u00d6te yandan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ya\u015fayan t\u00fcrler, evrimsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te var olmu\u015f t\u00fcm t\u00fcrlerin %1\u2019inden az ve t\u00fcrlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu evrimsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te yok olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan dahil, bug\u00fcn D\u00fcnya\u2019da ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren canl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinin hepsi evrim s\u00fcrecindeki yok olu\u015flar\u0131n ve tesad\u00fcflerin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc. Canl\u0131l\u0131k tarihinde 5 b\u00fcy\u00fck yok olu\u015f ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f. Bunlardan en pop\u00fcler olan\u0131 dinozorlar\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden silinmesine yol a\u00e7an (tabi memelilere ve sonralar\u0131 bize yol veren) 66 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nceki Kratese-Paleosen yok olu\u015fu. Fakat 252,28 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce (Permiyen sonu) ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir kitlesel yok olu\u015f var ki, d\u00fcnyadaki ya\u015fam topluca u\u00e7urumun k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na gelmi\u015f ve canl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinin y\u00fczde 95\u2019i k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden silinmi\u015f. Yani evrimin y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc belirleyen en \u00f6nemli mekanizmalardan biri bu tesad\u00fcfi b\u00fcy\u00fck yok olu\u015flar. D\u00fcnyadaki ya\u015fam\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc radikal bi\u00e7imde de\u011fi\u015ftiriyorlar. Bug\u00fcn ya\u015fayan t\u00fcrler, o yok olu\u015flar\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011fu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla evrimin y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nceden bilinmesine olanak yok. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, evrim i\u00e7in b\u0131rak\u0131n ilerlemeci d\u00fcz \u00e7izgi yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, ya\u015fam a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7atallanmas\u0131 bi\u00e7imindeki yakla\u015f\u0131m da ge\u00e7erli de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131 t\u00fcrleri gibi, insan\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 da sonsuz say\u0131da tesad\u00fcf\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc. Bu sonsuz say\u0131da tesad\u00fcf\u00fcn bir tanesi bile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeseydi, insan diye bir canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc olmayacakt\u0131. Evet, canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n evrimi s\u00fcreci i\u00e7indeki yerimiz de bu.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir bilimsel devrim daha ya\u015fan\u0131yor. \u0130nsano\u011flunun kendisine bah\u015fedilmi\u015f oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc son kalesi \u201czek\u00e2, ak\u0131l ve bilin\u00e7\u201din de evrimin bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131yor. Gerek n\u00f6roloji gerekse yapay zek\u00e2 alan\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmeler, \u00f6yle g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor ki, akl\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 da kutsal taht\u0131ndan edecek. Bu alanda da m\u00fctevaz\u0131 konumumuzu kabul etmek zorunda kalaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sacas\u0131 bilimsel devrimler ve yol verdi\u011fi teknolojiler, insano\u011flunun do\u011faya egemen oldu\u011funu (yani do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc oldu\u011funu) g\u00f6steren de\u011fil, evren ve do\u011fa i\u00e7indeki m\u00fctevaz\u0131 (nesnel) yerini (do\u011fan\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131) ortaya koyan geli\u015fmelerdir. \u201cDo\u011faya egemenlik\u201d yorumu bizim h\u00fcsn\u00fc kuruntumuz; daha do\u011frusu yan\u0131lsamam\u0131z.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130nsan-do\u011fa \u00e7eli\u015fkisi\u201d kavram\u0131 bir uygarl\u0131k (s\u0131n\u0131fl\u0131l\u0131k) mottosu. Elbette antropologlar daha iyi bilirler ama uygarl\u0131k \u00f6ncesinde \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli inan\u00e7 (animizm, totemizm, \u015eamanizm vb.) ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bi\u00e7imleri (b\u00fcy\u00fcsel) bulunmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, insan ile do\u011fay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya koyan, do\u011faya egemenlik hedefi g\u00fcden bir anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n ancak uygarl\u0131kla (hadi Neolitik ile diyelim) birlikte ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131yorum. \u00d6nceki inan\u00e7 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bi\u00e7imleri insano\u011flunun -her canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc gibi- hayatta kalma m\u00fccadelesinin \u00fcr\u00fcnleri. Bu ya\u015fam m\u00fccadelesi do\u011faya kar\u015f\u0131 verilen bir m\u00fccadele de\u011fil, insan\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evreye -onu de\u011fi\u015ftirerek- uyum sa\u011flama veya uygun \u00e7evreyi aray\u0131p bulma hedefli. Ne zaman ki s\u0131n\u0131fl\u0131, \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetli, devletli, dinli, bilimli (yani uygar) toplumlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor, do\u011faya egemen olma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi de bir egemen s\u0131n\u0131f ideolojisi olarak olu\u015fuyor. Yani insan-do\u011fa \u00e7eli\u015fkisi yan\u0131lsamas\u0131, insan-insan \u00e7eli\u015fkisinin (ezen-ezilen, s\u00f6m\u00fcren-s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen, y\u00f6neten-y\u00f6netilen \u00e7eli\u015fkileri) yan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Gerek \u00e7ok-tanr\u0131l\u0131 gerekse tek-tanr\u0131l\u0131 dinler \u00f6ncesindeki inan\u00e7lar\u0131n simgeleri \u201cdo\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc\u201d de\u011fil do\u011fan\u0131n kendisi; insan\u0131n do\u011faya (ya\u015fam \u00e7evresine) uyumunu sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen simgesel ara\u00e7lar. \u201cDo\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc\u201d kavram\u0131 ve \u201ctanr\u0131\u201d kavram\u0131, ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 kesimlerin (insan-\u00fcst\u00fc insanlar da diyebiliriz) olu\u015fmas\u0131yla, onlar\u0131n bir ihtiyac\u0131 olarak ortayla \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Yan\u0131lsama diyoruz ama hakk\u0131n\u0131 da verelim: \u201cDo\u011faya egemen olma\u201d paradigmas\u0131, tanr\u0131 inanc\u0131ndan veya s\u0131n\u0131f egemenli\u011fi ideolojisinden \u00e7ok daha kapsaml\u0131 ve \u00e7ok daha geni\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri a\u00e7\u0131klayabilen bir yakla\u015f\u0131m. 2-3 milyon y\u0131ll\u0131k insan evrimini tanr\u0131 inanc\u0131 veya s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131klayamazs\u0131n\u0131z, ama \u201cinsan\u0131n do\u011faya egemen olma\u201d paradigmas\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klayabilirsiniz. Bu nedenle modernite ideolojilerinin de h\u00e2l\u00e2 ba\u015f k\u00f6\u015fesinde duruyor bu paradigma. Ama art\u0131k tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sorgulanmas\u0131 giderek ivedile\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan\u0131n gerek fiziksel ve kimyasal gerekse biyolojik evrimin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olmayan bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi var m\u0131? Var dersek ister istemez Tanr\u0131\u2019ya var\u0131r\u0131z; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bize do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc bir g\u00fc\u00e7 taraf\u0131ndan bah\u015fedilmi\u015f demektir o \u00f6zellik. Yukar\u0131da da vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi, bilim, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u201cdo\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fcl\u00fcklerin\u201d ya var olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ya da zaten do\u011fal olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ve g\u00f6stermeye devam ediyor. \u0130nsan do\u011fan\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r; do\u011faya egemen olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan do\u011fa-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya do\u011fa\u00fcst\u00fc bir varl\u0131k de\u011fil.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu Babam ile son g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmemizde \u201cEnder\u201d demi\u015fti, \u201cinsano\u011flu daha m\u00fctevaz\u0131 olmal\u0131\u201d. 2020 Nisan\u2019\u0131n\u0131n son g\u00fcnleriydi. Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kas\u0131p kavurmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnler\u2026 \u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn arayla \u00f6nce babam sonra da ben hastaneye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck. O \u00e7ok ya\u015fl\u0131yd\u0131 (92 bahar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc), \u00f6nce yo\u011fun bak\u0131ma al\u0131nd\u0131 sonra ent\u00fcbe oldu. 15 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7ti, benim hastaneden eve \u00e7\u0131kmamdan iki g\u00fcn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":66798,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,2313],"tags":[9531,5247,10402],"class_list":["post-66797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-degirmen","tag-degirmen","tag-ender-helvacioglu","tag-insanoglu-daha-mutevazi-olmali"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/493"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66797"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66797\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66799,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66797\/revisions\/66799"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66798"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}