{"id":68713,"date":"2026-07-01T00:00:59","date_gmt":"2026-06-30T21:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=68713"},"modified":"2026-06-29T20:49:08","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T17:49:08","slug":"ne-ettin-insanlarina-dublin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/07\/01\/ne-ettin-insanlarina-dublin","title":{"rendered":"Ne ettin insanlar\u0131na Dublin?"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00e2lan Mahsereci<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cDublin\u2019in \u00f6yle eksiksiz bir resmini sunmak isterim ki, bir g\u00fcn yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden silinecek olsa, kitab\u0131mdan bak\u0131larak yeniden in\u015fa edilebilsin.\u201d<\/p>\n

James Joyce\u2019un s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fi kitab\u0131, ba\u015fyap\u0131t\u0131 Ulysses<\/em>\u2019tir. Dostu Frank Budgen\u2019a s\u00f6yledi\u011fi c\u00fcmle, Budgen\u2019in, \u201cJames Joyce ve Ulysses\u2019i \u00dcretmek\u201d (James Joyce and the Making of ‘Ulysses<\/em>, 1934) adl\u0131 an\u0131 kitab\u0131nda ge\u00e7er. Budgen, Joyce\u2019un Ulysses\u2019i yazma s\u00fcrecinde, Dublin haritas\u0131 \u00fczerinde sokak sokak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Joyce\u2019un eserlerinin her biri, yazar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cDublin\u2019i d\u00fcnyaya sunma\u201d niyetinin par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r; ayn\u0131 karakterler, mek\u00e2nlar, Dublin\u2019in ruhuna dair esas ve yan meseleler eserden esere dola\u015f\u0131r. Joyce\u2019un bu yaz\u0131ya konu etmek istedi\u011fim \u00f6yk\u00fcler toplam\u0131 Dublinliler<\/em>\u2019de de, Dublin kenti t\u0131pk\u0131 Ulysses<\/em>\u2019teki gibi soluk al\u0131p verir. \u00d6yk\u00fcleri anlat\u0131lan Dublinliler, yoksullar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuzeydeki sokaklarda bunal\u0131r, sayfiyeye a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, g\u00fcneydeki \u015fehir merkezi ve zenginlerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fa\u015faal\u0131 caddelerdeki d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131 uzaktan izler, meydanlarda dolan\u0131r, r\u0131ht\u0131m\/liman b\u00f6lgesinde ayazda kal\u0131r, nehir k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki parklarda gezintiye \u00e7\u0131kar, banliy\u00f6lere yerle\u015fir, kiliselerde, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rhanelerde, dar merdivenli i\u015fyerlerinde, evlerde ruhlar\u0131 ezilir; tramvaya atlar, lokantalarda ucuz yemek arar ve publarda son paralar\u0131yla kuruyan bo\u011fazlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0131slatarak, kederlerinden uzakla\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Dublin bir kent olarak ruhuyla oldu\u011fu kadar fiziksel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla da yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r \u00f6yk\u00fclerin i\u00e7ine.<\/p>\n

7\u2019den 70\u2019e Dublinliler
\n<\/em><\/strong>Joyce\u2019un sonraki eserlerindeki deneysel dil kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve yenilik\u00e7i anlat\u0131m tekniklerinden farkl\u0131 olarak, Dublinliler<\/em> yal\u0131n ve incelikli betimlemelerle, g\u00fcnl\u00fck dilde ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir \u00fcslupla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n \u00f6yk\u00fclerin bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak verdi\u011fi resimde, bir araya getirili\u015flerindeki do\u011frusal s\u0131ralamada, ilk ve son \u00f6yk\u00fcy\u00fc birbirine ba\u011flayan ve onlar\u0131 birer a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f ve kapan\u0131\u015f haline getiren benzerliklerde, her birinin i\u00e7erdi\u011fi temalar ve g\u00f6ndermelerde, Joyce\u2019un t\u00fcm eserlerindeki ortakl\u0131klara g\u00f6z k\u0131rpan sembolik anlamlar bar\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yk\u00fclerin insanlar\u0131 7\u2019den 70\u2019e Dublinlilerdir.\u00a0 Kitap \u00e7ocuklara dair \u00fc\u00e7 hik\u00e2yeyle ba\u015flar; takip eden d\u00f6rt \u00f6yk\u00fc gen\u00e7leri, sonraki d\u00f6rt \u00f6yk\u00fc orta ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131 ve son d\u00f6rt \u00f6yk\u00fc de bu farkl\u0131 ya\u015flar\u0131n bile\u015fiminden olu\u015fan Dublin\u2019in toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 merkeze al\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011funlukla yoksullar, emek\u00e7iler, alt ve orta s\u0131n\u0131flar anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir yay\u0131nc\u0131ya yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektupta \u015f\u00f6yle yazar Joyce: \u201c\u2026Dublin\u2019i olay yeri olarak se\u00e7tim \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fehir bana fel\u00e7 olmu\u015flu\u011fun merkezi gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.\u201d \u201cFel\u00e7 olmu\u015fluk hali\u201d kitab\u0131n ana izle\u011fidir (1). \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrgesi olmak, din ve gelenekler a\u011f\u0131r a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne. Dublinliler<\/em> kitab\u0131ndaki karakterler de, nas\u0131l bir olay ve durum \u00e7er\u00e7evesinin i\u00e7ine yerle\u015fmi\u015f olurlarsa olsunlar; kaplad\u0131klar\u0131 yerde, bulunduklar\u0131 konumda tutsak d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, fel\u00e7 olmu\u015f gibidirler. Hayallerinin pe\u015finden gidemez, harekete ge\u00e7emez, ka\u00e7amaz, f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 g\u00f6remez, de\u011ferlendiremez, ruhlar\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutamaz, bir yere varamazlar; ho\u015fnutsuzluk i\u00e7inde s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Rutin i\u015flerin, sefil hallerin, s\u0131radan ve geleneksel hayatlar\u0131n, ili\u015fkilerin, vicdan azaplar\u0131n\u0131n, sosyal kayg\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7ine hapsolmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Olamay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r kederine katlanabilmek i\u00e7in publarda ceplerindeki paray\u0131 son kuru\u015funa dek i\u00e7kiye yat\u0131rsalar bile, gecenin sonunda ellerine ge\u00e7en rahatlama ve gev\u015feme hali de\u011fil, hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 duygusudur. Pek \u00e7ok karakterin ana duygusu hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ocukluk \u00f6yk\u00fclerinde bile umut yoktur. \u00c7ocuk\u00e7a ser\u00fcvenlere giri\u015ftiklerinde tedirginlik \u00e7\u00f6ker \u00fczerlerine, fazla uzakla\u015famazlar; hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015f halde, bildikleri ve g\u00fcvende hissettikleri yerlerin bo\u011fuculu\u011funa d\u00f6nmek zorunda kal\u0131rlar. Cinsellik ve a\u015fk bile, co\u015fkuyla de\u011fil, dinin ve gelene\u011fin s\u0131k\u0131 g\u00f6zetimi alt\u0131nda, adeta toplumsal al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f konusu, pazarl\u0131k unsuru olarak ya\u015fan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131nlar: Dublin\u2019in ev sahibi ve geleneklerin ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131
\n<\/strong>Kad\u0131nlar \u00f6yk\u00fclerin kimisinde, Dublin\u2019in (\u0130rlanda\u2019n\u0131n) sembolik d\u00fczeyde ev sahibi olarak i\u015flenir ve gelene\u011fin ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve bek\u00e7isi olarak g\u00f6sterilirler. \u00d6zellikle birbirine ba\u011flan\u0131yor g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ilk ve son \u00f6yk\u00fclerde b\u00f6yledir. K\u0131z Karde\u015fler<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ve bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun g\u00f6z\u00fcnden anlat\u0131lan ilk \u00f6yk\u00fcde, k\u0131z karde\u015fleri taraf\u0131ndan bak\u0131lan bir rahibin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc konu edilir. \u00d6l\u00fcler<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan son \u00f6yk\u00fcde ise \u00f6l\u00fcm temas\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f; \u201ck\u0131z karde\u015fler\u201d ise i\u00e7eri\u011fin unsurlar\u0131ndan olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

K\u0131z Karde\u015fler<\/em>\u2019in olay \u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fcnde yer alan \u201cfel\u00e7li olma hali\u201d bu \u00f6yk\u00fcy\u00fc adeta kitab\u0131n \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fc haline getirir. \u00d6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn anlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ocuk, kendisine Latince, tarih, din ve kilise geleneklerini \u00f6\u011freten, bir s\u00fcredir fel\u00e7li olan Katolik Peder Flyn\u2019\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine, teyzesiyle birlikte yas evine gider. Rahibin k\u0131z karde\u015fleriyle sohbetlerinde, b\u00fcy\u00fck sayg\u0131 ve hayranl\u0131k duydu\u011fu rahibin, asl\u0131nda vicdan azab\u0131yla k\u0131vranan, h\u00fcsrana u\u011fram\u0131\u015f ve ak\u0131l sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f yaln\u0131z bir insan oldu\u011funu fark edecektir.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n son ve en uzun \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc \u00d6l\u00fcler<\/em> ise, sons\u00f6z yerine ge\u00e7ebilir ayn\u0131 mant\u0131kla. Bence kitab\u0131n zirvesidir. \u0130ki ya\u015fl\u0131 k\u0131z karde\u015f ve ye\u011fenleri taraf\u0131ndan her y\u0131l Noel zaman\u0131 d\u00fczenlenen m\u00fczikli ve dansl\u0131 yemekte ge\u00e7er. \u00d6yk\u00fc partiye e\u015fiyle kat\u0131lan g\u00f6zde ye\u011fen, edebiyat ele\u015ftirmeni ve \u00f6\u011fretmen, entelekt\u00fcel Gabriel\u2019e yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. Gabriel fiziksel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla orada bulunsa, dans etse, sohbetlere kat\u0131lsa, yemekte kaz\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revini yerine getirse ve kendisinden beklenen konu\u015fmay\u0131 yapsa bile, partinin merkezinde de\u011fil k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 de\u011fil, izleyicidir. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyen bir yabanc\u0131d\u0131r. Kendisini \u00fcst\u00fcn hissetti\u011fi di\u011fer insanlarla ayn\u0131 de\u011ferleri, ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri payla\u015fmaz; hatta k\u0131sa bir sohbette bu nedenle yarg\u0131lan\u0131r da. \u00d6te yandan, teyzelerince devam ettirilen geleneklerin; ailenin \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f \u00fcyelerini i\u015faret eden kimi e\u015fyalar\u0131n; partinin \u015fark\u0131lar, danslar, sohbetlerle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclegelen ruhunun kendi benli\u011findeki c\u0131l\u0131z izlerini de fark etmektedir. Gabriel\u2019in esas ayd\u0131nlanmas\u0131, \u00f6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda ya\u015fanacakt\u0131r. E\u015finin y\u00fcre\u011finde, gen\u00e7li\u011finde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, muhatab\u0131 \u00e7oktan \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f bir a\u015fk\u0131n h\u00e2l\u00e2 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yer kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamas\u0131yla. \u00d6l\u00fcler ger\u00e7ekten yok olmu\u015flar m\u0131d\u0131r; yoksa benliklerimizde, hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7inde, t\u00fcm canl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131yla varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekte midirler? Ya ya\u015fayanlar, k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndan izledikleri bir ya\u015fam\u0131n i\u00e7inde say\u0131l\u0131rlar m\u0131; yoksa ya\u015fayan birer \u00f6l\u00fc m\u00fcd\u00fcrler?<\/p>\n

– Dublinliler, <\/span>James Joyce, <\/span>\u00c7ev. Celal \u00dcster, <\/span>T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Bankas <\/span>K\u00fclt\u00fcr Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, <\/span>2024, 232 s.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u0130PNOT<\/strong>
\n1) Dublinliler<\/em>\u2019deki hik\u00e2yeleri ba\u015fka g\u00f6zlerle g\u00f6rmemi sa\u011flayan t\u00fcm arkada\u015flar\u0131ma, ba\u015fta Alev\u2019e te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerimle.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00e2lan Mahsereci \u201cDublin\u2019in \u00f6yle eksiksiz bir resmini sunmak isterim ki, bir g\u00fcn yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden silinecek olsa, kitab\u0131mdan bak\u0131larak yeniden in\u015fa edilebilsin.\u201d James Joyce\u2019un s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fi kitab\u0131, ba\u015fyap\u0131t\u0131 Ulysses\u2019tir. Dostu Frank Budgen\u2019a s\u00f6yledi\u011fi c\u00fcmle, Budgen\u2019in, \u201cJames Joyce ve Ulysses\u2019i \u00dcretmek\u201d (James Joyce and the Making of ‘Ulysses, 1934) adl\u0131 an\u0131 kitab\u0131nda ge\u00e7er. Budgen, Joyce\u2019un Ulysses\u2019i yazma s\u00fcrecinde, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":470,"featured_media":68714,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10563,38,513,10250,510],"tags":[10585,10583,10584],"class_list":["post-68713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-267-sayi","category-dergi-sayilari","category-kitapcil","category-patika","category-surekli-bolumler","tag-celal-uster","tag-dublinliler","tag-james-joyce"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t