{"id":68735,"date":"2026-07-03T09:41:55","date_gmt":"2026-07-03T06:41:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=68735"},"modified":"2026-07-03T09:41:55","modified_gmt":"2026-07-03T06:41:55","slug":"abdnin-genetigi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/07\/03\/abdnin-genetigi","title":{"rendered":"ABD\u2019nin \u2018geneti\u011fi\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

4 Temmuz ABD\u2019nin kurulu\u015funun 250. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc. Bilindi\u011fi gibi ABD 4 Temmuz 1776\u2019da Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Bildirgesi\u2019nin yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131yla resmen kurulmu\u015ftu. ABD\u2019nin kurulu\u015fu 13 \u0130ngiliz kolonisinin B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesinin ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Bildirgesi de d\u00fcnya modernite tarihinin \u00f6nemli metinlerinden biri olarak kabul edilir. 1789 Frans\u0131z Devriminin ard\u0131ndan ilan edilen \u201cFrans\u0131z \u0130nsan ve Yurtta\u015f Haklar\u0131 Bildirgesi\u201dne esin kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenir. \u00d6yledir de\u2026 \u00d6rne\u011fin Bildirge\u2019de \u015f\u00f6yle bir c\u00fcmle vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcm insanlar e\u015fit yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r; Yaradan\u2019lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f, belli baz\u0131 vazge\u00e7ilemez haklara sahiptirler; ya\u015fam, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve mutlulu\u011fa eri\u015fme haklar\u0131 da bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi Bildirge, ya\u015fam ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck haklar\u0131 yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u201cmutlulu\u011fa eri\u015fme hakk\u0131\u201d gibi olduk\u00e7a ileri ve derin bir felsefi kavram\u0131 da i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019nin nas\u0131l kuruldu\u011funu bilmesek, 250 y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcren \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u201d alg\u0131s\u0131na kap\u0131lmak i\u015ften bile de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Peki, Amerikan yerlileri (K\u0131z\u0131lderililer) insan de\u011fil midir? Onlar\u0131n \u201cvazge\u00e7ilmez haklar\u0131\u201d yok mudur? Yerlilerin \u201cya\u015fam, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve mutlulu\u011fa eri\u015fme haklar\u0131\u201d bulunmuyor mu?<\/p>\n

Evet, ABD\u2019yi kuran Amerikan modernitesinin liderlerine g\u00f6re yerliler insan de\u011fildir, onlar\u0131n ya\u015fam, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve mutlulu\u011fa eri\u015fme haklar\u0131 yoktur. \u00d6rne\u011fin Bildirge, B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya y\u00f6netimini ele\u015ftirirken yerlilerden \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6z ediyor: \u201cSava\u015f y\u00f6ntemleri, ya\u015f, cinsiyet ya da hal g\u00f6zetmeksizin herkesi kesip bi\u00e7mek olan, merhametsiz K\u0131z\u0131lderili vah\u015filer.\u201d<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019nin (Amerikan modernitesinin) kurulu\u015fu, tarihin g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc en b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak gasp\u0131 ve soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131ndan birinin temelinde y\u00fckselir. Burjuva modernitesi her yerde ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcd\u00fcr ama Amerika\u2019da \u00e7ok daha ikiy\u00fczl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Amerikal\u0131 beyaz adama g\u00f6re Kuzey Amerika topraklar\u0131, \u201csahipsiz toprak\u201d veya \u201ckimseye ait olmayan arazi\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen Latince \u201cterra nullius\u201d kavram\u0131 ile nitelenir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla i\u015fgal edilebilir, el konulabilir. K\u0131z\u0131lderililer, bu arazideki yok edilmesi gereken \u201cha\u015fereler\u201d olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Avrupal\u0131 Ayd\u0131nlanma filozoflar\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa feodalitesinin tasfiyesi hedefiyle geli\u015ftirdikleri teoriler, Amerikan yerlilerinin yok edilmesinin felsefi ve hukuki gerek\u00e7eleri olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Amerikan modernitesinin ve \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u201dnun temeli budur.<\/p>\n

Bu kurulu\u015f paradigmas\u0131, ABD\u2019nin 250 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihi i\u00e7inde ad\u0131m ad\u0131m t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 i\u00e7ine alacak bi\u00e7imde geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 James Monroe\u2019nun ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan \u201cMonroe Doktrini\u201d, Avrupal\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilerin t\u00fcm Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131ndan s\u00f6k\u00fclmesi ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda, Orta ve G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019n\u0131n ABD\u2019nin \u201carka bah\u00e7esi\u201d yap\u0131lmas\u0131 politikas\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn 19. ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin Latin Amerika toplumlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik y\u00fczlerce m\u00fcdahalesi bu doktrin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra ise bu doktrin t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ufku i\u00e7ine al\u0131r ve ABD\u2019nin \u201cd\u00fcnya jandarmal\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d ve \u201ck\u00fcresel e\u015fk\u0131yal\u0131k\u201d d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flar. Donald Trump\u2019\u0131n \u201cKanada eyaletimiz olsun\u201d, \u201cGr\u00f6nland\u2019\u0131 bize sat\u0131n\u201d, \u201cMeksika K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nin ad\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fsin\u201d, \u201cVenezuela petrolleri bizimdir\u201d, \u201cGazze\u2019yi tatil beldesi yapaca\u011f\u0131z\u201d, \u201c\u0130ran medeniyetini yok erece\u011fiz\u201d t\u00fcr\u00fcnden s\u00f6ylemleri, asl\u0131nda, ABD\u2019nin toplumsal geneti\u011fine sinmi\u015f olan bu gasp, soyk\u0131r\u0131m ve haydutluk \u00f6zelli\u011finin pervas\u0131zca dile getirilmesinden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fil. Yani yeni bir \u015fey de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Ama yeni olan bir \u015fey var. Hem de en az y\u00fcz y\u0131ll\u0131k farkl\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7. Farkl\u0131 bir modernite ak\u0131m\u0131. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda Avrupa\u2019da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, Avrupal\u0131 emek\u00e7ilerin kapitalizmden kurtulma m\u00fccadelesinin kuram\u0131 olan Marksizm\u2019den kaynak alan ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Sovyet ve \u00c7in devrimleriyle ve d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131n\u0131n ulusal kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadeleleriyle kendini kabul ettiren anti-emperyalist, anti-kapitalist ve emek\u00e7i modernitesi ak\u0131m\u0131. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck kar\u015f\u0131 duru\u015f, ba\u015fta ABD olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm emperyalistlere d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir \u201cterra nullius\u201d olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sosyalizm geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015f olabilir, ama bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015fka bi\u00e7imlerde g\u00fc\u00e7lenerek devam ediyor. ABD \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, art\u0131k gerileyen ve \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe do\u011fru giden bir emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. \u0130ran sava\u015f\u0131 bunu net olarak g\u00f6sterdi. 7-8 Temmuz\u2019da Erdo\u011fan rejiminin ev sahipli\u011finde Ankara\u2019da toplanacak olan NATO Zirvesinde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n haydutlar\u0131 bu gerilemenin nas\u0131l durdurulabilece\u011fini tart\u0131\u015facak.<\/p>\n

Ama nafile! Ba\u015fka bir ak\u0131m ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, taban\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyad\u0131r ve art\u0131k durdurulamaz.<\/p>\n

NOT<\/strong>: Bu yaz\u0131da k\u0131saca de\u011findi\u011fimiz konular, Bilim ve Gelecek<\/em> dergisinin Temmuz say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kapak dosyas\u0131nda (\u201cABD\u2019nin 250 y\u0131l\u0131\u201d), \u00f6zellikle Dr. H\u00fcseyin Karaku\u015f\u2019un makalesinde geni\u015f olarak i\u015fleniyor. Dosyan\u0131n di\u011fer iki yaz\u0131s\u0131nda Hasan B\u00f6g\u00fcn ve Mehmet Ali G\u00fcller konuyu NATO d\u00fczleminde ele al\u0131yor. Okunmas\u0131 faydal\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu 4 Temmuz ABD\u2019nin kurulu\u015funun 250. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc. Bilindi\u011fi gibi ABD 4 Temmuz 1776\u2019da Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Bildirgesi\u2019nin yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131yla resmen kurulmu\u015ftu. ABD\u2019nin kurulu\u015fu 13 \u0130ngiliz kolonisinin B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesinin ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Bildirgesi de d\u00fcnya modernite tarihinin \u00f6nemli metinlerinden biri olarak kabul edilir. 1789 Frans\u0131z Devriminin ard\u0131ndan ilan edilen \u201cFrans\u0131z \u0130nsan ve Yurtta\u015f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":493,"featured_media":68736,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,2313],"tags":[579,9865,580,5247,10568],"class_list":["post-68735","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-gundemi","category-degirmen","tag-abd","tag-abd-emperyalizmi","tag-emperyalizm","tag-ender-helvacioglu","tag-nato"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t