{"id":7316,"date":"2017-02-27T16:48:17","date_gmt":"2017-02-27T13:48:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/?p=7316"},"modified":"2018-02-12T11:39:48","modified_gmt":"2018-02-12T08:39:48","slug":"misirdaki-pithos-gomutler-yeniden-dogusun-bir-simgesi-miydi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2017\/02\/27\/misirdaki-pithos-gomutler-yeniden-dogusun-bir-simgesi-miydi","title":{"rendered":"M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki \u201cpithos g\u00f6m\u00fctler\u201d yeniden do\u011fu\u015fun bir simgesi miydi?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Biliminsanlar\u0131, yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Antik M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fclerini g\u00f6merken kulland\u0131klar\u0131 kaplar\u0131 yeniden do\u011fu\u015f ve rahmin sembolik bir g\u00f6stergesi say\u0131p saymamay\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar.
\nEski M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki pithos g\u00f6m\u00fctler, uzunca bir s\u00fcre yoksul kesimle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, Antiquity isimli dergide yay\u0131mlanan makaleye g\u00f6re; Cambridge \u00dcniversitesi ile Avustralya Macquarie \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden arkeologlar Ronika Power ve Yann Tristant, s\u00f6z konusu kaplar\u0131n, yaln\u0131zca zor ko\u015fullar\u0131n getirdi\u011fi \u00e7aresizlik nedeniyle se\u00e7ilmedi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar. Onun yerine, kaplar\u0131n yumurta ya da rahmi simgeleyebilece\u011fini, bunlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ise inanc\u0131n bir gere\u011fi olarak \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonra yeniden do\u011fu\u015fla ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, \u201c\u0130nsan bedenlerinin bacaklar\u0131n b\u00fck\u00fclmesiyle yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi kaplar ile adeta uyur pozisyondaki bir cenin\/fet\u00fcs ya da rahim ve yumurtan\u0131n g\u00f6rsel benzerliklerini reddetmek pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemektedir\u201d diyorlar. Buradan devamla, \u201cGebelik ve do\u011fumla ili\u015fkisi belirgin olan bu defin y\u00f6nteminin sembolik anlam\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ileride daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc payla\u015f\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

\u00dcst s\u0131n\u0131fa ait bir \u00f6l\u00fc m\u00fc?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklar, bebekler ve fet\u00fcsler Antik M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da \u00e7o\u011fu kez pithoslara g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc halde bulunmu\u015ftur ve bu sebepten biliminsanlar\u0131 rit\u00fcelin \u00f6nemini g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rarak, mevcut g\u00f6m\u00fctleri alelade b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir at\u0131k gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Ancak, Power ve Tristant\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nerisi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ev tipi bir kullan\u0131m kab\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fclen bebek ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n at\u0131ktan ba\u015fka bir anlam ifade etmedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc zay\u0131flar. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, eski toplumlar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok materyali farkl\u0131 zamanlarda yeniden kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131; hatta \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131fa mensup kimselerin bile bazen eski mezar ya da lahitlere g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fcklerini belirtiyorlar.<\/p>\n

Power ve Tristant bu durumu,\u201cE\u011fer bir nesne art\u0131k esas fonksiyonunu yerine getiremiyorsa, hemen \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lmak yerine tamir edilir; i\u015flevsel ve sembolik olarak, gelecekte yeniden kullan\u0131m amac\u0131yla d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ayr\u0131ca, kimi materyallerin farkl\u0131 nesnelere entegre edilmek \u00fczere kasten par\u00e7aland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir\u201d diye a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u00e7ok say\u0131da yeti\u015fkinin de pithoslara g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaydediyor. Pithos mezarlar, Nil Nehri\u2019nin k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feridi boyunca ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Power ve Tristant, M\u0131s\u0131r tarihi i\u00e7inde Hellen-Roma D\u00f6nemi\u2019ne (M\u00d6 332- MS 395) ait oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ve i\u00e7erisine yeti\u015fkin bireylerin g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc pithoslar\u0131n oldu\u011fu en az d\u00f6rt alan oldu\u011funu belirtiyorlar. Nil k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan ve ta\u015f ocaklar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan Gebel el-Silsila\u2019n\u0131n da dahil oldu\u011fu be\u015f alanda ise, yaln\u0131zca yeti\u015fkinlere ait pithos g\u00f6m\u00fcler bulunmu\u015ftur.
\nPithosa g\u00f6m\u00fc gelene\u011fini se\u00e7en ailelerin yoksul olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda kesin bir sonuca ula\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f olsa da, \u00f6rne\u011fin Eski Krall\u0131k sonu ileI. Ara D\u00f6nem ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 dolaylar\u0131na (yakla\u015f\u0131k M\u00d6 2181) tarihlenen bir bebek g\u00f6m\u00fcs\u00fcnde, pithosun i\u00e7inde alt\u0131n kaplamal\u0131 boncuklar\u0131n da oldu\u011fu pahal\u0131 hediyeler bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\"\"
M\u0131s\u0131r Ada\u00efma Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan, bebek ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc pithoslar (Adaima Kaz\u0131lar\u0131, Crubezy & Midant-Reynes, IFAO).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Yeniden do\u011fu\u015f?<\/strong><\/p>\n

E\u011fer pithoslar yaln\u0131zca ba\u015fka malzemesi olmayan yoksullar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lm\u0131yorsa, o halde sembolik de\u011ferleri de olmal\u0131d\u0131r diye belirten Power ve Tristant; Antik M\u0131s\u0131r par\u015f\u00f6menleri ve duvar resimlerinde rahmin, kap olarak olarak isimlendirildi\u011fini de yaz\u0131lar\u0131na ekliyorlar. Sakkara Nekropolisi\u2019ndeki bir mabedin duvar\u0131nda bulunan dans\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u201cPithosu\/\u00c7\u00f6mle\u011fi g\u00f6r, i\u00e7indekini \u00e7\u0131kar!\u201d diye bir ilahi okuyarak resmedilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, konunun do\u011fumla ilgili oldu\u011funa yorulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u201cPihoslar\u0131n, M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lara, zaman zaman g\u00f6m\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7 tabutuyla ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan yumurtalar\u0131 da hat\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u201d diyen Power ile Tristant, \u201cYa\u015fam\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca sembolleri olmalar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, \u00f6teki d\u00fcnyaya ge\u00e7i\u015fi kolayla\u015ft\u0131racak daha uygun bir y\u00f6ntem olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d vurgulayarak makalelerini noktal\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

\u0130leri okuma i\u00e7in:<\/strong>
\n– \u00c9. Crubezy, Th. Janin, B. Midant-Reynes, \u201cLa n\u00e9cropole pr\u00e9dynastique d’Ada\u00efma\u201d, FIFAO 47, Le Caire, 2002.
\n– \u00c9. Crub\u00e9zy, S. Duchesne & B. Midant-Reynes, \u201cThe predynastic cemetery of Adaima (Upper Egypt). General presentation and implications for the populations of predynastic Egypt\u201d, B. Midant-Reynes – Y. Tristant (Haz.), Egypt at its Origins II, Proceedings of the International Conference \u00abOrigin of the State. Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt\u00bb, Toulouse, 5th-8th September 2005, OLA 172, Louvain, 2008, s.289-310.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Biliminsanlar\u0131, yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Antik M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fclerini g\u00f6merken kulland\u0131klar\u0131 kaplar\u0131 yeniden do\u011fu\u015f ve rahmin sembolik bir g\u00f6stergesi say\u0131p saymamay\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Eski M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki pithos g\u00f6m\u00fctler, uzunca bir s\u00fcre yoksul kesimle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, Antiquity isimli dergide yay\u0131mlanan makaleye g\u00f6re; Cambridge \u00dcniversitesi ile Avustralya Macquarie \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden arkeologlar Ronika Power ve Yann Tristant, s\u00f6z konusu kaplar\u0131n, yaln\u0131zca zor […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":433,"featured_media":13195,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[193,20,19],"tags":[1079,597,1113],"class_list":["post-7316","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-156-sayi","category-arkeoloji","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-antik-misir","tag-kazi","tag-mezar"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t