{"id":8399,"date":"2007-12-01T00:14:05","date_gmt":"2007-11-30T22:14:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=8399"},"modified":"2017-07-17T12:30:06","modified_gmt":"2017-07-17T09:30:06","slug":"erdal-inonu-ile-soylesi-turkiye-nasil-bilim-uretir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2007\/12\/01\/erdal-inonu-ile-soylesi-turkiye-nasil-bilim-uretir","title":{"rendered":"Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile s\u00f6yle\u015fi: T\u00fcrkiye nas\u0131l bilim \u00fcretir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

*Dergimizin May\u0131s 2004 tarihli 3. say\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in, Wigner Madalyas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f bulunan Say\u0131n Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile bir s\u00f6yle\u015fi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k (\u201c50 y\u0131l sonra gelen \u00f6d\u00fcl\u201d, Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile, S\u00f6yle\u015fi: Ruken K\u0131z\u0131ler – Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu, May\u0131s 2004, S:3, s.9-12). Bu s\u00f6yle\u015fiden, Say\u0131n Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bilim \u00fcretimiyle ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini i\u00e7eren b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri \u00f6zetleyerek, sunuyoruz.<\/h4>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bug\u00fcnk\u00fc duruma bak\u00adt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, teorik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n prati\u011fe uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczeyi nedir? Tek tek \u00f6nem\u00adli bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n gayretleri mi, yoksa bir temel var m\u0131?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bilimde ilerleme bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir ve T\u00fcrkiye epey yol ald\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin Cahit Arf\u2019\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 matematik edebi\u00adyat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli yer tutar. \u201cArf De\u011fi\u015f\u00admezleri\u201d diye kitaplarda hep ge\u00e7er. Bilimde ilerleme iki t\u00fcrl\u00fc kendini g\u00f6steriyor. Bilim edebiyat\u0131na ge\u00e7en bulu\u015flar yap\u0131yorsunuz: \u0130sminizle de an\u0131l\u0131rsa, tan\u0131n\u0131yorsunuz. Bir de, o \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011frudan, baz\u0131\u00adlar\u0131 dolayl\u0131 olarak pratik uygulama da buluyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, bilim ede\u00adbiyat\u0131na girmi\u015f bir\u00e7ok bilim insan\u0131 var. Pratik uygulamaya ge\u00e7en \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u00admalar da var, ama \u00e7ok fazla de\u011fil. Daha \u00f6nemli bir sorun da \u015fu: T\u00fcrk\u00adlerin ad\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n pek \u00e7o\u011fu yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Bu bir \u00fclkenin bilim alan\u0131nda birinci s\u0131\u00adn\u0131f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermez. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz yere mal ediyorlar. Feza G\u00fcrsey\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu Amerika\u2019daki kurumlar be\u00adnimsiyor. Benim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131 Princeton \u00dcniversitesi benimsiyor, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin katk\u0131s\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kam\u0131yor. E\u011fer buradaki bir laboratuvarda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r ve sonra da uygulan\u0131rsa ya da bilim edebiyat\u0131na ge\u00e7erse, i\u015fte o za\u00adman bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yerimiz ola\u00adcakt\u0131r. Bu hen\u00fcz sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Bunun nedeni nedir sizce?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Yeteri kadar \u00f6nem, zaman, para vermemi\u015f olmam\u0131z. Tabii ge\u00e7mi\u015ften gelen bir zaaf da var. Bilim alan\u0131na girmemiz 300 y\u0131l gecikti. Kastetti\u011fim matbaan\u0131n ge\u00e7 gelmesi de\u011fil. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ya\u015fam\u0131 300 y\u0131l sonra geldi. Bat\u0131\u2019da 1600\u2019lerde ba\u015flad\u0131, laboratuvarlarda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yaparak yeni bilgi \u00fcretmek. Osmanl\u0131lar\u2019a bu hi\u00e7 gelme\u00addi, \u00fcretilen bilgiyi ald\u0131lar sadece. Ye\u00adni bilgi \u00fcretmeye 1930\u2019larda \u00fcniversite reformundan sonra ba\u015flad\u0131k. Gecikmeden dolay\u0131 eksi\u011fimiz var, laboratuvarlar\u0131m\u0131z bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc tamamla\u00adnam\u0131yor; biraz ba\u015fl\u0131yoruz, hemen \u00fcmidimiz kesiliyor. Yoksa zek\u00e2m\u0131z\u00adda, yetene\u011fimizde hi\u00e7bir sorun yok. Bu stratejik bir mesele ayn\u0131 za\u00admanda, sadece prestij i\u015fi de\u011fil. Yeni bilgi \u00fcretmek bir \u00fclkenin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan temel etkendir. Ameri\u00adka\u2019n\u0131n egemen olmas\u0131n\u0131n tek nedeni bilim ve teknolojide ileri olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsani vas\u0131flar\u0131 bizden farkl\u0131 de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Tabii uzun vadeli yat\u0131r\u0131mlar gere\u00adkiyor bilim \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

O kadar da uzun de\u011fil, 20 y\u0131l i\u00e7in\u00adde sonu\u00e7 alabilece\u011finiz alanlar var. Bunun \u00f6rnekleri var. \u0130rlanda iyi bir \u00f6rnektir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde zay\u0131f ekonomisiyle tan\u0131nan \u0130rlanda, bilgi\u00adsayar alan\u0131ndaki at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla, k\u0131sa s\u00fc\u00adrede AB\u2019nin \u00f6nde gelen ekonomile\u00adrinden biri haline geldi. Genetikte G\u00fcney Kore kendini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bizdeki anlay\u0131\u015f \u015fu: G\u00fcncel ara\u015ft\u0131rma iyidir, \u00fclkenin prestijini artt\u0131r\u0131r, yetenekli insanlar\u0131m\u0131z ken\u00addilerini g\u00f6sterir, ama param\u0131z varsa bunu yapar\u0131z. Bizim \u015fimdi daha acil ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z var. Ekonomik kriz\u00adden \u00e7\u0131kamad\u0131k, b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi sa\u011flaya\u00admad\u0131k falan gibi… Bu yanl\u0131\u015f; b\u00fct\u00fcn bu eksiklerimizi yapaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ara\u015f\u00adt\u0131rmalarla kapayabiliriz. Yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ya\u00adparken tek beklentimiz prestij olma\u00admal\u0131, yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131\u00adza inanmam\u0131z gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Pek \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131yla da konu\u015f\u00adtu\u011fumuz bir konudur bu. \u00c7ok y\u00fcksek maliyetlere gitmeden de pek \u00e7ok laboratuvar kurulabilir. Ama ki\u015fisel ya da \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn katk\u0131s\u0131yla olacak bir i\u015f de\u011fil bu. Devletlerin bilim poli\u00adtikalar\u0131 olmal\u0131 diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bilim politikas\u0131n\u0131n esas\u0131 bu i\u015fe \u00f6nem vermek, insanlara olanak sa\u011f\u00adlamak, b\u00fct\u00e7e olu\u015fturmak olmal\u0131, in\u00adsanlar\u0131m\u0131z da zorlukla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u00adda hemen karamsarl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Bu yanl\u0131\u015f. Umutla, bu i\u015fin \u00f6nemini siya\u00adset\u00e7ilere, halka, bas\u0131na anlatmal\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

*Dergimizin May\u0131s 2004 tarihli 3. say\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in, Wigner Madalyas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f bulunan Say\u0131n Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile bir s\u00f6yle\u015fi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k (\u201c50 y\u0131l sonra gelen \u00f6d\u00fcl\u201d, Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile, S\u00f6yle\u015fi: Ruken K\u0131z\u0131ler – Ender Helvac\u0131o\u011flu, May\u0131s 2004, S:3, s.9-12). Bu s\u00f6yle\u015fiden, Say\u0131n Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bilim \u00fcretimiyle ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini i\u00e7eren b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri \u00f6zetleyerek, sunuyoruz. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bug\u00fcnk\u00fc duruma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":478,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[84,26],"tags":[288],"class_list":["post-8399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-46-sayi","category-fizik","tag-fizik"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t