{"id":8531,"date":"2007-12-01T00:03:32","date_gmt":"2007-11-30T22:03:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=8531"},"modified":"2017-07-17T12:20:32","modified_gmt":"2017-07-17T09:20:32","slug":"neandertaller-konusur-muydu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2007\/12\/01\/neandertaller-konusur-muydu","title":{"rendered":"Neandertaller konu\u015fur muydu?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Leipzig Max Planck Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Alman ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, soyu t\u00fckenmi\u015f hominidlerin genomunu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, modern insanda bulunan, konu\u015fma ve dil ile ili\u015fkili bir genin varyant\u0131n\u0131 Neandertaller\u2019de buldular. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n <em>Current Biology\u2019<\/em>nin Kas\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131ndaki yay\u0131nlar\u0131na g\u00f6re Neandertaller\u2019in konu\u015fmalar\u0131 olas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. .<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsanda FOXP2\u2019nin konu\u015fmay\u0131 kontrol eden bir gen oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Konu\u015fman\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez hayati bir fonksiyon olmas\u0131 bu genin hayatta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan tek unsurdur. B\u00f6ylelikle, insan ve Neandertaller\u2019in ortak atas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya sahnesinde yerini almas\u0131yla, FOXP2 genindeki bir mutasyon \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6sterdi. Son bulgular, bu mutasyonun hesaplanan s\u00fcresini 200.000 y\u0131ldan 350.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nceye \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsan FOXP2 geni, kodlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 proteindeki iki aminoasidin de\u011fi\u015fmesiyle, insan\u0131n ya\u015fayan en yak\u0131n akrabas\u0131 olan \u015fempanzelerden farkl\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na sebep oldu. \u0130lk defa 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda FOXP2 geninin konu\u015fma ile ilgili bir gen olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m FOXP2\u2019deki bir mutasyonun konu\u015fma kabiliyetini etkiledi\u011finin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130spanya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki El Sidr\u00f3n ma\u011faras\u0131nda bulunan bir Neandertal\u2019den elde edilen DNA par\u00e7as\u0131ndan, FOXP2 geninin ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi varyasyonlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma fikri do\u011fdu. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonunda Neandertal n\u00fckleer DNA\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n sekans\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc. Sekans analizi sonunda,\u00a0 \u015fempanzelerde olmayan fakat Neandertal FOXP2 ve modern insan FOXP2 genlerinin ayn\u0131 iki mutasyonu ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Max Planck Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden Dr. Johannes Krasue yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda, modern insan ve Neandertal aras\u0131nda bir fark bulamamas\u0131n\u0131, yakla\u015f\u0131k 300.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce iki hominid t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn genetik olarak ayr\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nce FOXP2 geninin olu\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Tabi\u00ee ki, Neandertaller\u2019in \u015fu anki modern insan gibi konu\u015fmas\u0131 beklenemez. Kendilerine has bir konu\u015fmalar\u0131 olsa da, Neandertaller\u2019de konu\u015fma ile ilgili farkl\u0131 genlerin de bulunaca\u011f\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir. Bulmacan\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 gibi her yeni gen tan\u0131mland\u0131k\u00e7a yerini alacak ve b\u00f6ylelikle konu\u015fman\u0131n evrim basamaklar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimi b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leipzig Max Planck Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Alman ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, soyu t\u00fckenmi\u015f hominidlerin genomunu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, modern insanda bulunan, konu\u015fma ve dil ile ili\u015fkili bir genin varyant\u0131n\u0131 Neandertaller\u2019de buldular. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n Current Biology\u2019nin Kas\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131ndaki yay\u0131nlar\u0131na g\u00f6re Neandertaller\u2019in konu\u015fmalar\u0131 olas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. . \u0130nsanda FOXP2\u2019nin konu\u015fmay\u0131 kontrol eden bir gen oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Konu\u015fman\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez hayati bir fonksiyon olmas\u0131 bu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":472,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[84,211,21,214,35],"tags":[197,271,272,292,230,347],"class_list":["post-8531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-46-sayi","category-antropoloji","category-biyoloji","category-dilbilim","category-noroloji","tag-biyoloji","tag-dilbilim","tag-dna","tag-genetik","tag-insanlik-tarihi","tag-noroloji"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/472"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8531"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8531\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}