{"id":8653,"date":"2008-01-01T00:09:10","date_gmt":"2007-12-31T22:09:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=8653"},"modified":"2017-07-17T13:38:28","modified_gmt":"2017-07-17T10:38:28","slug":"gecmis-tecrubelerimizden-ne-kadar-ders-aliyoruz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2008\/01\/01\/gecmis-tecrubelerimizden-ne-kadar-ders-aliyoruz","title":{"rendered":"Ge\u00e7mi\u015f tecr\u00fcbelerimizden ne kadar ders al\u0131yoruz?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Baz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z ba\u015flar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en k\u00f6t\u00fc olaylardan ders almakta zorlan\u0131rlar. Alman Sinirbilimci bir grup, Science<\/em> dergisinin Aral\u0131k say\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re, belirli bir genin varyant\u0131na sahip insanlar\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015f tecr\u00fcbelerinden \u00e7\u0131karacaklar\u0131 dersleri \u00f6\u011frenme zorlu\u011fu \u00e7ekebileceklerini g\u00f6sterdiler.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lara bilgisayar ile verilen bir g\u00f6rev esnas\u0131nda beynin fonksiyonel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesi ama\u00e7lad\u0131 ve Dopamin isimli arac\u0131 maddenin ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir resept\u00f6r olan D2 resept\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc kodlayan genin alleli (A1) \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk bulgular, bu varyant\u0131n beynin \u00f6d\u00fcl yola\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini ortaya koydu. Max Planck Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden Tilmann Klein\u2019e g\u00f6re, genomdaki tek baz \u00e7iftindeki bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik ge\u00e7mi\u015f hatalardan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan dersleri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015ftirebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Klein, 26 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 Alman erkek birey i\u00e7inden 12 tanesinde en az bir A1 allelini ta\u015f\u0131yan bireylerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Fonksiyonel Manyetik Rezonans G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme (fMRI) yap\u0131l\u0131rken ayn\u0131 anda bireylere \u00f6\u011frenme g\u00f6revi verildi. Bu g\u00f6rev \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, \u00c7ince 3 \u00e7ift i\u015faretin i\u00e7inden amaca uygun en iyi \u00e7iftin belirlenmesi hedeflendi<\/p>\n

G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler, \u00f6\u011frenme periyodu esnas\u0131nda, her \u00e7ifte 140 defa bakt\u0131lar ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar A1 alleli ta\u015f\u0131yan ve ta\u015f\u0131mayan bireyler aras\u0131nda, en iyi sembol\u00fc se\u00e7meyi \u00f6\u011frenme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan anlaml\u0131 bir fark g\u00f6remediler. Daha sonra g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclere farkl\u0131 yeni \u00e7iftlerin oldu\u011fu 6 \u00e7ift i\u015faret g\u00f6sterildi ve A1 alleli ta\u015f\u0131yan bireyler iyi sembol\u00fc se\u00e7mede \u00e7ok fazla ba\u015far\u0131 g\u00f6steremediler.<\/p>\n

\u00d6\u011frenmenin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 faz\u0131nda, A1 alleli ta\u015f\u0131yanlar\u0131n fMRI taramalar\u0131 sonucunda, haf\u0131zan\u0131n k\u0131smen kontrol edildi\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerden hipokamp\u00fcs ve frontal korteksin alanlar\u0131nda kontrol bireylere g\u00f6re daha az aktivite g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bununla beraber, tek bir A1 allelinin D2 resept\u00f6r yo\u011funlu\u011funda y\u00fczde 30 azalmaya sebep oldu\u011fu da bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n

D2 resept\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hen\u00fcz tam olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f de\u011fildir, fakat D2 resept\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6d\u00fcl mekanizmas\u0131nda ve bir\u00e7ok di\u011fer davran\u0131\u015flarda kritik bir rol\u00fc oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Hen\u00fcz A1 alleli, D2 resept\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fi de g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015ftir. Bununla beraber resept\u00f6r yo\u011funlu\u011funun de\u011fi\u015fmesinin bir\u00e7ok yola\u011f\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Baz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z ba\u015flar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en k\u00f6t\u00fc olaylardan ders almakta zorlan\u0131rlar. Alman Sinirbilimci bir grup, Science dergisinin Aral\u0131k say\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re, belirli bir genin varyant\u0131na sahip insanlar\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015f tecr\u00fcbelerinden \u00e7\u0131karacaklar\u0131 dersleri \u00f6\u011frenme zorlu\u011fu \u00e7ekebileceklerini g\u00f6sterdiler. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lara bilgisayar ile verilen bir g\u00f6rev esnas\u0131nda beynin fonksiyonel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesi ama\u00e7lad\u0131 ve Dopamin isimli arac\u0131 maddenin ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir resept\u00f6r olan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":472,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[85,35,36,29],"tags":[347,494,366,495,430],"class_list":["post-8653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-47-sayi","category-noroloji","category-psikoloji","category-toplum","tag-noroloji","tag-ogrenme","tag-psikoloji","tag-sinirbilim","tag-toplum"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t