{"id":8868,"date":"2013-09-01T18:11:03","date_gmt":"2013-09-01T15:11:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/109.232.216.219\/~bilimvegelecek\/?p=8868"},"modified":"2017-05-13T19:12:13","modified_gmt":"2017-05-13T16:12:13","slug":"sovyet-sosyalizminin-dersleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/index.php\/2013\/09\/01\/sovyet-sosyalizminin-dersleri","title":{"rendered":"Sovyet Sosyalizminin Dersleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7in\u2019in sosyalizmin tarihi \u00fczerine en \u00f6nemli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131ndan olan Li Shenming\u2019in bu iki ciltlik eseri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk sosyalist devleti Sovyetler Birli\u011fi ve 93 y\u0131ll\u0131k parlak kom\u00fcnist partisinin neden da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceliyor. Kitab\u0131n 1. cildi \u00c7inli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n incelemelerini sunuyor. \u0130kinci cilt ise ba\u015fta Rusya olmak \u00fczere \u00c7in ve d\u00fcnyadaki di\u011fer ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini i\u00e7eriyor. \u015e\u00fcphesiz bu incelemenin amac\u0131 d\u00fcnya sosyalist ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bu b\u00fcy\u00fck olaydan \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fi derslerle ilgili. B\u00f6ylece kitap d\u00fcnya sosyalizminin tarihini tart\u0131\u015fmak isteyenler i\u00e7in ve bu ba\u011flamda Rus Marksistlerin de g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini incelemek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok zengin veriler sunuyor.<\/p>\n

Kitap ayn\u0131 zamanda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Rusya toplumundaki durum ve Sovyet tarihinin bug\u00fcn nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi \u00fczerinde de duruyor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Rus ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu tarih \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6stermekte. Kitap \u00f6zellikle, Gorba\u00e7ov, Yeltsin ve Putin d\u00f6nemi aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 inceliyor; Putin y\u00f6netiminin, ABD ve NATO\u2019dan gelen tehditleri savu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00fclke i\u00e7inde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemleri de\u011ferlendiriyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7inli Marksist ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar 1970\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren Sovyetler Birli\u011fi tarihi ve toplumu \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda \u00f6nemli bir geli\u015fme kaydetmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. \u00d6zellikle son 25 y\u0131l i\u00e7ersinde bu alanda 200\u2019ye yak\u0131n akademik kitap, \u00f6nemli Sovyet fig\u00fcrlerine ait monografi t\u00fcr\u00fc dahil olmak \u00fczere 112 \u00e7eviri kitap ve 600\u2019e yak\u0131n bilimsel makale yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u00c7inliler ara\u015ft\u0131rma s\u00fcrecine olduk\u00e7a ge\u00e7 ba\u015flamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131n zorlamas\u0131 ile olduk\u00e7a sa\u011flam bir temelde yola koyulmu\u015flar.Ara\u015ft\u0131rma kaynaklar\u0131 zenginle\u015fmi\u015f, Bat\u0131l\u0131 ve Rus ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinden yararlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, genelde farkl\u0131 ve zengin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir disiplin olu\u015fmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya-tarihsel ilerleme boyutundan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Marx\u2019\u0131n sosyalizm teorilerini Rusya toplumunda yerelle\u015ftirmeye ve \u00e7a\u011fa uyarlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk sosyalist devletinin in\u015fa \u00e7abas\u0131, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l ve daha sonraki gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en \u00f6nemli olaylar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck olay Marx\u2019\u0131n kapitalizmin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ve sosyalizmin zaferi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r bi\u00e7imindeki teorisinin a\u00e7\u0131k kan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bu prati\u011fin kapitalizmin en geri par\u00e7as\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi, hem do\u011fu, hem de bat\u0131 halklar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bilin\u00e7 s\u0131\u00e7ramas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Sovyet Sosyalizminin Dersleri, Li Shenming, \u00c7ev: Deniz K\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7e\u00e7, Adnan K\u00f6ymen. Cilt I, Sovyet Sosyalizmi ve Tarihin Dersi, 2013, 494 s., Cilt II, Sovyet Miras\u0131 ve Sovyet Sonras\u0131 Rusya\u2019da Toplumsal M\u00fccadeleler, 2013, 526 s.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Yazar, Sovyet tarihinde d\u00f6rt fig\u00fcr ve d\u00f6rt d\u00f6nem ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sosyalizmin in\u015fas\u0131nda en yarat\u0131c\u0131 teorik ve pratik \u00e7aban\u0131n Lenin ve Stalin d\u00f6neminde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sapt\u0131yor. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n Kru\u015f\u00e7ev ve Brejnev d\u00f6nemleri ise teorik a\u00e7\u0131dan gerileme, yap\u0131bozum, pratikte ise ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z reformlar, var olan\u0131 t\u00fcketme d\u00f6nemidir. Brejnev d\u00f6nemi muhafazakar istikrar ve ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 elitin olu\u015fum d\u00f6nemidir. En yarat\u0131c\u0131 teorik ve pratik \u00e7aban\u0131n Lenin ve Stalin d\u00f6neminde olmas\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde ciddi hatalar\u0131n ve sorunlar\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmemekte, ayr\u0131ca bu zaaflar daha sonraki d\u00f6nemde d\u00fczeltilmeden korunmaktad\u0131r. Lenin ve Stalin\u2019in kurmu\u015f oldu\u011fu Rusya\u2019ya \u00f6zg\u00fcn sosyalist model daha sonra k\u0131smi nitel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler ge\u00e7irmi\u015f olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, sosyalizmden as\u0131l k\u00f6kl\u00fc uzakla\u015fma ve kopu\u015f s\u00fcreci Gorba\u00e7ov d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kitapta tarihsel rol\u00fc \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli tart\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmekte olan Stalin \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan ciddi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar da bulunuyor. Okuyucu sosyalizmin en de\u011ferli pratiklerinden birini tart\u0131\u015fan bu kitapta bu deneyi \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u00e7\u0131lardan ele alan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri tart\u0131\u015fma olana\u011f\u0131 bulabilecektir.<\/p>\n

Kitaplar\u0131n yazar ve edit\u00f6rlerinden Prof. Li Shenming, 1949 y\u0131l\u0131 Henan-Wenxian do\u011fumlu. Uzun y\u0131llar Halk Kurtulu\u015f Ordusunda, t\u0131p b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, generallik r\u00fctbesine y\u00fckselmi\u015f. Halk Kurtulu\u015f Ordusu\u2019nun ba\u015fl\u0131ca gazetelerinde ba\u015f edit\u00f6rl\u00fck yapm\u0131\u015f. 2004 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren \u00c7in Sosyal Bilimler Akademisi adl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu\u015funun Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda bu akademiye ba\u011fl\u0131 D\u00fcnya Sosyalizmi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi direkt\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6revlerini y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. \u00c7in\u2019de ABD merkezli\u00a0 d\u00fcnya ekonomik krizinin \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilk kez bilimsel olarak ara\u015ft\u0131ran ve bu konuda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ba\u015flatan ki\u015fi olarak kabul edilmekte. \u00d6zel uzmanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131 politik demokrasi ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerde stratejiler olan Li Shenming\u2019in bu konularda \u00e7ok say\u0131da eseri mevcut.<\/p>\n

Edit\u00f6r Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Prof. Wu Enyuan 1957 do\u011fumlu. \u00c7in Sosyal Bilimler Akademisi Marksizm Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda D\u00fcnya Sosyalizmi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi sekreterli\u011fini y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca ara\u015ft\u0131rma alan\u0131 \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 ve Do\u011fu Avrupa, Rusya\u00a0 ve\u00a0 Orta Asya Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve Sovyetler Birli\u011fi tarihi.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer Edit\u00f6r Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Prof.\u00a0 Wang Liqiang ise 1956 do\u011fumlu. D\u00fcnya Sosyalizmi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi Genel Sekreteri.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7in\u2019in sosyalizmin tarihi \u00fczerine en \u00f6nemli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131ndan olan Li Shenming\u2019in bu iki ciltlik eseri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk sosyalist devleti Sovyetler Birli\u011fi ve 93 y\u0131ll\u0131k parlak kom\u00fcnist partisinin neden da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceliyor. Kitab\u0131n 1. cildi \u00c7inli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n incelemelerini sunuyor. \u0130kinci cilt ise ba\u015fta Rusya olmak \u00fczere \u00c7in ve d\u00fcnyadaki di\u011fer ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini i\u00e7eriyor. \u015e\u00fcphesiz bu incelemenin amac\u0131 d\u00fcnya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":519,"featured_media":8869,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[152,510,222,511],"tags":[378,544],"class_list":["post-8868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-115-sayi","category-surekli-bolumler","category-tarih","category-yayin-dunyasi","tag-sosyalizm","tag-sovyetler-birligi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t