\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma,\u00a0University of Iowa\u2019da\u00a0Beng Choon Ho\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f.\u00a0Ho\u2019nun ara\u015ft\u0131rma tak\u0131m\u0131,\u00a07 y\u0131ll\u0131k\u00a0bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonucunda\u00a0211 hastan\u0131n\u00a0beyin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini\u00a0manyetik rezonans g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme (MRI) y\u00f6ntemi ile elde etmi\u015f. Deney sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re,\u00a0ila\u00e7 tedavisinin s\u00fcresi,\u00a0ilac\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc\u00a0ve\u00a0doz miktar\u0131n\u0131n, beyin hacmindeki de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi etkileyen\u00a0\u00f6nemli birer fakt\u00f6r oldu\u011fu\u00a0ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Genel veriler ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, antipsikotik ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0toplam beyin hacminde y\u00fczde 6,6\u2019l\u0131k, toplam\u00a0gri madde oran\u0131nda ise y\u00fczde 1,7\u2019lik\u00a0bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclme meydana getirdi\u011fi kaydedilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n
Ho, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131n\u0131n \u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ancak dikkate de\u011fer\u201d oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n\u00a0olduk\u00e7a titiz bir \u015fekilde\u00a0y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirterek, \u201cElimizdeki bu verileri 5 y\u0131ld\u0131r inceliyoruz. Bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda olabildi\u011fince dikkatli olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n,\u00a0yanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlara\u00a0sebep olabilece\u011fini fark\u0131nday\u0131z.\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Kontrol gruplar\u0131 nerede?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Hayvan denekler \u00fczerindeki deneyler de\u00a0Ho\u2019nun sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fruluyor.\u00a0University of Pittsburgh\u2019deki (ABD) n\u00f6robilimci\u00a0David Lewis\u2019in di\u011fer primatlar \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, antipsikotik ila\u00e7lar\u0131n bu canl\u0131lar\u0131n beyinlerinde\u00a0y\u00fczde 10\u2019a yak\u0131n\u00a0toplam hacim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe\u00a0sebep oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f. Bu kay\u0131plar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n da, n\u00f6ronlara destek ve koruma hizmeti veren \u00a0glial h\u00fccrelerde\u00a0meydana geldi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f.<\/p>\n Ancak\u00a0Lewis, hem kendi hem de Ho\u2019nun sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0olduk\u00e7a dikkatle irdelenmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtiyor.\u00a0Lewis, \u201cHastal\u0131ktan dolay\u0131 olu\u015fan etkilerle, ila\u00e7lar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden olu\u015fan yan etkileri birbirinden ay\u0131rt etmek neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131z\u201d diyor ve\u00a0\u201d\u0130mk\u00e2ns\u0131z olmas\u0131n\u0131n temelinde ise ila\u00e7 ve hastal\u0131k etkilerinin zamanla de\u011fi\u015fmesi yat\u0131yor.\u201d diye ekliyor.<\/p>\n University of Heidelberg\u2019den (Almanya) n\u00f6robilimci\u00a0Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg\u00a0de\u00a0Ho\u2019nun elde etti\u011fi\u00a0MRI verilerinin\u00a0yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olabilece\u011fini belirtiyor. Beyin hacminin,\u00a0ya\u015fam tarz\u0131,\u00a0sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve\u00a0sosyoekonomik durum\u00a0gibi bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 fakt\u00f6rden etkilenebilece\u011fini ifade ediyor.\u00a0Meyer-Lindberg\u2019in de ayn\u0131 konuda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re,\u00a0antipsikotik ila\u00e7lar\u00a0beyinde\u00a0ge\u00e7ici olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmelere neden olsa bile\u00a0kal\u0131c\u0131 n\u00f6ron kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck beyin avantajl\u0131 m\u0131?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Bu noktada \u201cBeyin hacminin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc bir durumdur\u201d \u015feklinde bir alg\u0131 olu\u015fsa da, bu konu asl\u0131nda\u00a0tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan\u00a0bir konu.\u00a0University of Basel\u2019den (\u0130svi\u00e7re) n\u00f6ropsikiyatrist\u00a0Stefan Borgwardt, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclen serebral korteksin genelde beyin fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 daha da\u00a0k\u00f6t\u00fcye g\u00f6t\u00fcrece\u011fi\u00a0\u015feklindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin\u00a0yanl\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini\u00a0belirtiyor. Borgwardt\u2019a g\u00f6re, bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmeler \u015fizofreni hastalar\u0131n\u0131n, bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkilerini daha az g\u00f6stermesine\u00a0yol a\u00e7\u0131yor olabilir.<\/p>\n Antipsikotik ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u00a0baz\u0131 ciddi yan etkileri oldu\u011fu uzun s\u00fcredir biliniyor. Buna g\u00f6re, bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre kullan\u0131m\u0131,\u00a0kontrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131\u00a0tremorlara\u00a0(parkinsonism) ve\u00a0huzursuz bacak sendromlar\u0131na\u00a0neden olabiliyor. Art\u0131k, bu yan etkilerin\u00a0beyin hacminin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesinin bir sonucu\u00a0oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n Borgwardt, yak\u0131n zamanda ba\u015flataca\u011f\u0131 benzer bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, \u015fizofreni olu\u015fumu i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek risk ta\u015f\u0131yan bireyler \u00fczerinde\u00a0beyin hacim \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri\u00a0ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek.\u00a0Daha geni\u015f \u00e7apta\u00a0\u00f6rnek kullan\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, eldeki soru i\u015faretlerini daha azaltacak.\u00a0Lewis\u00a0ise,\u00a0depresyon\u00a0ve\u00a0bipolar rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa\u00a0sahip bireylerin de bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara eklenmesi gerekti\u011fini, antipsikotik ila\u00e7 kullanan ila\u00e7 kullanan bu hastalar\u0131n referans olabilece\u011fini\u00a0belirtiyor.<\/p>\n \u00d6te yandan,\u00a0Ho\u2019nun bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u00f6nemle alt\u0131 \u00e7iziliyor. Ho,\u00a0\u201cBiz hastalar\u0131n bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131 b\u0131rakmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini kesinlikle s\u00f6ylemiyoruz. Eldeki bir\u00e7ok kan\u0131t, antipsikotik ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u00a0hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n semptomlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0ve n\u00fcksetme riskini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor.\u201d diyor. Ancak, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile daha az yan etkiye sahip tedavi y\u00f6ntemlerine ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kaynak<\/strong>: http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/2011\/110207\/full\/news.2011.75.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Son\u00a015 y\u0131ld\u0131r\u00a0yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, \u015fizofreni hastalar\u0131n\u0131n genel pop\u00fclasyona oranla,\u00a0daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck serebral kortekse\u00a0sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bu kayb\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n,\u00a0gri madde\u00a0\u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi biliniyor. Ancak bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmenin, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u00a0do\u011fal seyrinden\u00a0mi yoksa kullan\u0131lan\u00a0g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc antpsikotik ila\u00e7lar\u0131n etkisinden\u00a0mi kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun bir s\u00fcredir cevab\u0131 aranan bir soru. Konu \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen\u00a0\u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, \u015fizofreni hastalar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0amigdala,\u00a0hippocampus\u00a0veparahippocampus\u00a0gibi haf\u0131za ile ilintili b\u00f6lgelerinde\u00a0y\u00fczde 5-7 aras\u0131nda bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclme\u00a0oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6steriyor.\u00a0NatureNews\u2019de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":805,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[122,19],"tags":[482,347,640],"class_list":["post-9833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-85-sayi","category-bilim-gundemi","tag-bilim","tag-noroloji","tag-tip"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/bilimvegelecek.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/il.jpg\")
Asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa\u00a0Ho\u00a0da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda\u00a0yeterince plasebo kontrol grubu kullanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0kabul ediyor. \u00d6yle ki, bu t\u00fcr bir kontrol grubu i\u00e7in,\u00a0Ho\u2019nun \u015fizofren hastalar\u0131na,\u00a0ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 antipsikotik ila\u00e7lar yerine\u00a0plasebo ila\u00e7lar vermesi gerekiyor. Ho, etik a\u00e7\u0131dan\u00a0bu t\u00fcr bir davran\u0131\u015f\u00a0problem do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in\u00a0kontrol grubunun\u00a0bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada\u00a0yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0itiraf ediyor.<\/p>\n